So here's a simple-to-understand reason why capitalism, very fundamentally, *cannot* promote innovation:

- Success under capitalism requires scale
- Scale requires a large target market
- Most people will prefer a 'stable' well-understood solution to a new 'scary' innovative one, even when the innovative one is actually better
- Therefore, the best way to succeed under capitalism is to avoid innovation, and only do tried-and-tested things, because that appeals to the biggest target market, and lets you scale up